Steels with less than 0.25% carbon and with an alloy content less than 5% are considered high-strength, low-alloy steels.

Killed steel is made by removing or tying up the oxygen that saturates the molten metal prior to its solidification to prevent effervescence or rimming action during cooling. The molten steel is held in the ladle, furnace or crucible, (and usually treated with aluminum, silicon, or manganese), until no more gas is evolved and the metal is perfectly quiet.

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